סיכום מאמר
Wickens, C. D. (2000). Attention, time-sharing, and workload, Ch. 11. Engineering psychology and human performance.
Chapter 3 discusses how people perceive or attend channels of perceptual information. There is an emphasis on the concept of optimal allocation of the attention spotlight that is effectively selected from multiple channels. The following chapter is going to discuss processing related to cognition, working memory, response selection and execution. The issue of divided attention needs to be reexamined from the perspective of dividing attention between tasks. One task may include multiple stages of information processing and it will be defined by a specific goal.
Automatic processes are formed on the basis of a consistent mapping between stimulus and other categorization and they are rapid, accurate and relatively source free. When we refer to the response end of processing, the automaticity of performance is referred as the motor program. As a result, automatic processing can be timeshared with other demanding tasks. The concept of automaticity can be used in wide range of activities. An example for automaticity is walking; walking is an automatic activity for most of us. As result, we can walk effortlessly and do other tasks simultaneously with perfect time-sharing. Even if the surface is not flat and the walking is more difficult, we can still walk without special difficulties.
